Environmentalists have proposed the banning of shark culling and the use of drum lines because they are threats to endangered species. [22] Jessica Morris of Humane Society International calls shark culling a "knee-jerk reaction" and says, "sharks are top order predators that play an important role in the functioning of marine ecosystems. "[11], In September 2018, the government of Queensland began culling sharks with drum lines in Cid Harbour in the Whitsunday Islands in response to two non-fatal shark attackssix sharks (including five tiger sharks) were shot and killed, and their bodies were dumped at sea. Top on this list of pros and cons of culling animals are the economic benefits from culling. There are certainly a disproportionate number of them out there. The deer population in the UK is also managed through culling. One of the solutions focused on the culling of four pests that were carriers of this disease; rats, sparrows, flies, and mosquitoes. The average person believes that if there is a shark in the water nearby, its almost certainly going to attack them and kill them. The nets are submerged near high-population areas and are designed to trap, entangle, and kill the shark. For example, in Texas, scientists discovered that breeding among bucks with superior antler quality improved the antler quality of subsequent generations. After all, 80 is an incredibly low number when you consider how many people surf, swim, and ride jet skis and boats every single year. "[17], A drum line is an unmanned aquatic trap used to lure and capture large sharks using baited hookssome (such as those in Queensland) are designed to kill sharks. "You're in their territory" is a common refrain from those who believe the best way to protect humans from sharks is to enter the water at your own risk. The NSW Government plans to relocate and release sharks caught by drum lines. Those who don't die immediately on these lines are shot by a contractor who is employed by the Queensland Government. Avoid surfing at dusk, or alone, or in the most dangerous spots with murky water. The purpose of shark culling is to kill sharks in order to decrease the shark population in an attempt to lower the amount of shark on human attacks. Shark Culling Facts. [41] National Geographic cameraman Andy Casagrande said the following about the cull: "When will basic intelligence and respect for the planet be a requirement for highly paid supposedly educated government officials? Anthrax, for example, is spread by domestic and wild animals. Put simply, shark culling is a deliberate government action to kill and reduce the numbers of sharks in our oceans, which is usually an unthoughtful, knee-jerk reaction to a shark attack. Disease reduction deserves mention on the pros and cons of culling animals. [39][41] Environmental groups criticized the cull; Shark Conservation Australia called the killings a "disgusting knee-jerk reaction" and said it was "a very shameful day here in Australia". But is it necessary, and is it ever morally just to willfully kill an animal just for what it might do? Pros Cons Sharks are an important source of tourism across Australia. Cape Cod voters, tourists and commercial fishermen are all likely to recognize sharks as an important, beneficial piece of the local marine ecosystem, but when it comes to seals, the groups have more divergent views, according to newly published data. But there has to be a plan in place to help achieve desired outcomes and mitigate the risks. Some trials of the technology have taken place, with another trial due to begin this year at Port Stephens. In spite of such efforts no significant decrease in rate of shark attacks was ever detected. The culling of animals also prevents the spread of diseases that would destroy a particular species gene pool. But is it necessary, and is it ever morally just to willfully kill an animal just for what it might do? [68] Michael Levenson of the Boston Globe said the following about shark culls: "Traditionally, shark hunts, or culls, have been the first and perhaps most primal response to shark attacks worldwide. Here's why shark culling is not a good idea: Sharks are in their natural environment, swimming and finding food; Sharks are irrational predators; Sharks will always keep returning to beaches and surfing/swimming zones; There are more than 480 species of sharks, but . The program did not change the rate of shark attacks in the waters of Hawaii. Perspective All Sharks hold a economic and cultural significance to many communities. Shark barriers are usually made from plastic and nylon and attached to pylons on the beach and offshore, and anchored to the ocean bed with large chains. Shark culling is the deliberate killing of sharks by government authorities, usually in response to one or more shark attacks. Between October 2007 and December 2011, about 23% of animals caught on the drum lines died. PROS: Statistics support the efficacy of drumlines in reducing shark attacks. Valerie Taylor is a competitive spear fisher turned shark conservationist who is adamantly opposed to shark culling and the methods used. of opposition from the community. These include electrical, magnetic, acoustic and spray repellents. According to a spokesperson for WA's Fisheries Minister Ken Baston, in September 2014 the WA Government withdrew its proposal for the operation of drum lines for a further three years because the WA Environmental Protection Authority found there to be a: "high degree of scientific uncertainty about impacts [of drum lines] on the south-western white shark population". Sharks have existed for over 450 million years, and there's a reason for that. CONS: Trial was abandoned in two locations in northern New South Wales because the barriers could not withstand rough conditions and surfers were concerned the barriers would pose a risk to their safety by snagging and trapping them underwater. Posted on Last updated: November 18, 2022. The term "shark control" is often used by governments when referring to culls. CONS: Choice Magazine rated a range of personal shark repellent devices in January 2016 and said: "If fear of a shark attack is stopping you from entering the water, then forking out for a personal shark deterrent may provide some peace of mind. Without culling, all or most of them would have died of starvation. See Related: Different Animals That Cant Jump. Not only are shark attacks still common at beaches that have shark nets installed, and not only do they lead to a slow and painful death for the shark, but they kill other marine life as well. [16], Christopher Neff, a Ph.D. scholar at the University of Sydney notes, "Internationally, shark nets have been labeled a 'key threatening process' for killing endangered species." The group of experts also add weight to other facets of the shark cull. Shark culling is ineffective and the shark responsible for the attacks is not always among the ones killed. So culling only hastens the process of extinction. More about how we earn money as an affiliate. Even if an animal is released, it may not survive. Is the culling of animals, right? They have been trialled in Western Australia. Additionally, the methods used in shark culling also kill turtles, dolphin and other unintended marine life. The statement, however, was twisted by a local newspaper writer as the lives of sharks are more important than humans. A survey of more than 1,800 people found significant similarities in how different groups of . [14][48], Shark nets were installed in Dunedin, New Zealand for roughly 40 years, and were removed in 2011. CONS: Shark biologist Dr Rachel Robbins told Radio National: "The problem is, it could lead people into a false sense of security because they'll think 'there hasn't been a detection in two weeks', however we're only looking at tagged sharks and we're only going to ever be able to tag a very small portion of the shark population at any one time". [note 1][66][67], In 2017 the Queensland Government stated that "Current evidence indicates traditional capture methods (ie Shark nets and Drum lines) remain the most effective measures to reduce the risk of shark attack". Culling offers many potential benefits, as highlighted below. PROS: Gives the public an opportunity to report sightings, quick alert time after initial report, free of charge. This led to the termination of the three-year program afteronly three months. Culling . Among the advocates was the world-renowned surf champion and climate activist, Kelly Slater. Apart from harming unrelated species, culling may also have worse ecological consequences that may affect humans. "[15], Jane Williamson, an associate professor in marine ecology at Macquarie University, says "There is no scientific support for the concept that culling sharks in a particular area will lead to a decrease in shark attacks and increase ocean safety. Unfortunately, instead of the yields increasing, they went down, causing greater losses. Avoiding shark culling allows fish to mature and recover. "[34], "[Data] reveals the ecological carnage of [Queensland's] shark control regime. A smart drum line is based on the traditional drumline design, but includes technology that can alert rangers to the capture of marine life and they can then attend the device if sea conditions permit. However, it was later discovered that the major transmitters of the virus were daytime mosquitos, meaning they had been killing the wrong species. This is done to prevent habitat degradation, protect diversity, and reduce human-wildlife conflict. [54] This "imminent threat" policy was criticized by Senator Rachel Siewert for killing endangered sharks. It is a disservice to the public. These measures are dangerous to other sea creatures like rays, turtles, dolphins, and small, harmless sharks, which get caught up in the traps. The proposition for shark culling has been widely opposed by environmentalists, conservationists, and most policymakers. These diseases are highly infectious and fatal for both animals and humans. for and against shark culling with fierce representations and opinions on both ends of the table. Instead, other marine animals like seals, turtles and dolphins can get caught on the hooks, resulting in their death or serious injury. Marketers of a range of the products claim on their websites to have tested their efficacy, however the results range from working "some of the time" to "only on particular sharks" or "temporarily". Such ecological changes have indirect adverse effects on carbon cycling and, in the longer run, affect our ability to reduce climate change impacts. Sharks: they're some of the most majestic and wondrous animals in the ocean. They confuse humans for defenseless animals (which, arguably, we are in the eyes of a shark), and most of the time, they dont really care what were doing. [78], In a program in Recife, Brazil, sharks were captured and moved 8 kilometers away from local beaches (though, the program did result in the deaths of about 23% of animals caught on the drum lines, including 114 sharks between 2007 and 2011). Most shark species take longer to reach maturity, especially the larger species such as bullshark, who take about. The following was said about Queensland's use of lethal drum lines: "Lethal drum lines in Queensland are used to catch and kill sharks. I Was Curious, So I Tried It A Few Times, Best Mountain Biking Trails in Moab, Utah. The government came up with a program to combat the disease. "[75], George H. Burgess, the former[76] director of the International Shark Attack File, "describes [shark] culling as a form of revenge, satisfying a public demand for blood and little else";[77] he said shark culling is a "retro-type move reminiscent of what people would have done in the 1940s and 50s, back when we didn't have an ecological conscience and before we knew the consequences of our actions. [11] More than 5,000 marine turtles have been caught on the nets. There are situations where the culled species continue increasing because of the culling. [47] George H. Burgess called the killings "an archaic, knee-jerk reaction that seems more borne of vengeance than of science. As northern New South Wales residents continue to debate the best way to deal with shark attacks in the region, we take a look at the pros and cons of the most popular options available to protect people from ocean predators. "[43], In a 30-year period, more than 33,000 sharks have been killed in KwaZulu-Natal's shark-killing program. [41] Jonathan Clark of the Sea Shepherd group said culling sharks would not make swimmers safer. PROS: Swimmers and surfers can be warned if a shark is detected close to shore. They believe that we should protect the danger and put sharks before humans. The culling of ferrets led to a doubling of their population. "[50], Animal rights activists note the suffering and cruelty inflicted upon animals caught in nets and drum lines: this suffering includes lacerations, stress, pain, disease, and death. Well, heres a detailed list of all the benefits and drawbacks that come with this practice. How does killing sharks affect the ecosystem? Given the legal status sharks enjoy, the benefits to humans would have to be especially high to justify culling as an ethical option. As a result, they were classified as pests, and the government initiated efforts to cull them. Heres How, Surfing Stoned. "[46] Runion authorities currently kill about 100 sharks per year. In Australia, white sharks had caused several human fatalities. [37] However, a 2014 poll indicated that 80% of Australians did not approve of shark culling in Australia. Those cattle that are considered to have defects are usually identified and killed. Both domestic and wild animals can contract diseases when they come into contact with bacteria in soil, plants, or water. Alternative ways of dealing with this problem should be established. Shark culling or "shark control" is the act of deliberately killing sharks, thus reducing their population sizes, and preventing shark attacks. The Canadian seal hunt is another example. Whats more, 65% of the shark attacks that occurred in New South Wales were at beaches that had nets installed. [21], There are also reports of shark attack survivors being harassed and abused on social media, presumably by extreme environmentalists. Over the span of 23 years, 1,589 replacement heifers were exposed to bulls. The government responded by using drum lines to cull great whites, which were responsible for the deaths. Sea Shepherd is calling on the Western Australian Government to do the following: - To put an immediate end to this proposal of increasing shark takes by the commercial fishing sector or culling sharks as it . [27], From 1962 to the present, the government of Queensland has targeted and killed sharks in large numbers by using drum lines and shark nets,[22] under a "shark control" programthis program has also killed large numbers of other animals such as dolphins; it has also killed endangered hammerhead sharks. (to destroy our oceans), stunned the world. [12] The current shark cull in KwaZulu-Natal has been criticized by environmentalists, and has been called "archaic" and "disastrous to the ecosystem". Sharks are more use alive than dead This is a difficult time. [18][27] The New South Wales Green party said they wanted all lethal nets to be removed. Below are five reasons why the practice is not 100% foolproof. Grizzly Bear vs Black Bear: Whats the Difference. Their practices show no respect for these beautiful animals at all. Also, the removal of some animals creates more space and food for those left, leading to a higher rate of survival and reproduction. "[74] Kelly Wang of One Green Planet said, "Australia's attitude towards its sharks is truly horrific. [12] During the same 30-year period, 2,211 turtles, 8,448 rays, and 2,310 dolphins were killed. Other farmers resort to crushing the chicks, a totally unethical practice. But most of the approaches used when culling, cause pain and suffering to animals. Read More. Shark culling is ludicrous, you have more of a chance dying from a coconut falling on you than a shark attack, . Humans kill an estimated 100 million sharks a year. Great Whites are an endangered species and therefore enjoy legal protection. The same happens in North America, where tourists pay as much as 500 dollars to hunt White-tail deer. The emergence of HPAI was also attributed to Asian poultry flocks. Apps Shark nets are also used in New South Wales, which includes major cities like Sydney and Canberra. "[77] Burgess also said shark culling will not make surfers safer. The impassioned statement for the mass shark cull on Reunion Island coming from such an environmental enthusiast, well-known for clothing brand. First introduced in the 1930s at a time when we didn't know much about biodiversity, shark behaviour or sharks' vital role in ocean ecosystems. [44][45] In 2013, 24 sharks were killed in Runion. Demonstrable effectiveness means a measurable decrease in shark bite incidents in response to culling activities. With about 90% of the worlds sharks and other large predatory fish wiped out through overfishing and culling, prey such as sea turtles and crabs have flourished. A drumline trap is made up of a large baited hook attached to a floating object that is then anchored to the seabed. Natalie Banks, testified the statement saying that the use of shark hooks has never proven to work. In Queensland, in 54 years of operation, only one fatal shark attack has been recorded at a controlled beach,[62] compared to a total of 27 fatal attacks between 1919 and 1961. Alerts from surf safeguards and lifeguards in case of danger/threat. The simple answer is yes, but if done right. The unprovoked shark attacks incited surfers to call for shark culls in Reunion Waters and other places worldwide. SMART drum lines will send a realtime alert that notifies authorities that a shark (or other large marine life) has taken the bait is and is hooked on the line attached to the SMART drum line. 426 Words; 2 Pages; Decent Essays. [11][29][3][6][21] Queensland's shark-killing program has been called "outdated, cruel and ineffective". [62], Environmentalists, conservationists, scientists, animal rights activists and shark experts oppose shark culling. Films like Jaws have given everyone the false impression that sharks are out there waiting for humans to bob by so they can snap and feast. They also scavenge, clearing the water of decomposing debris. [11], The shark-killing program in Queensland has been criticized by environmentalists, conservationists, and animal welfare advocatesthey say Queensland's shark-killing program is unethical and harms the marine ecosystem. They are literal nets that are designed to prevent sharks from getting near humans. Its a knee-jerk reactionpeople get bitten, people die, the government starts killing sharks. Professor Colin Buxton of the University of Tasmania told the ABC: "the use of shark nets and drum lines is a proven way of reducing shark attack, however the public need to understand and acknowledge that this works by killing sharks". Below are the 10 important pros and cons of culling animals. This makes sense, because sharks are mindless killing machines, and will take anyone's life if they get a chance. The giant nets are also problematic because other small creatures get trapped and are then killed. Across the Pacific Islands, sharks hold important cultural value. As stated earlier, culling should be based on solid facts and a well-thought-out plan of action. But contrary to what you might think, shark attacks are incredibly rare. If another way of controlling animal populations is not developed, very soon, many species might be wiped off the face of the earth. They were first installed in 1935. Overall, the Jaws effect and cull programs resulting from an inaccurate shark mental . 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The feral cats of Tasmania are a case in point. When this happens, it poses great risks to animals, humans, and the entire ecosystem. This shows that the benefits of shark tourism have a cascading effect on the entire ecosystem. She started writing about her passion for the environment when the world came to a stop in early 2020. Here, culling is done based on factors affecting cow performance, such as milk production, reproductive status, and diseases. Eventually, the state government decided to cull them, which solved the problem. [1] "From 1900 to 1937, 13 people were killed off New South Wales surf beaches by sharks; over the next 72 years, the death rate fell to eight, only one of which was at a meshed beach. . [25] No shark attacks occurred at the netted beaches during the trial, and the trial was continued for the 2017-18 summer. (a site that tracks attacks and fatalities by sharks across Australia), there is an average of 10 fatalities per year due to shark attacks globally, compared to the approximately 100 million sharks killed by humans annually for food, sport, and safety. SMART Drumlines Catch, Tag, Release, & Monitor. Read the full story at: http://ab.co/19EtXgZ. ", "Western Australia's 'Serious Threat' Shark Policy Condemned by Senate", "Western Australia's Shark Culls Lack Bite (And Science)", "Sharks: How a cull could ruin an ecosystem", "No Shark Cull: Why Some Surfers Don't Want to Kill Great Whites Despite Lethal Attacks", "Responding to the risk of white shark attack: updated statistics, prevention, control, methods and recommendation. Sharks are long-lived and slow-growing. CONS: Can not be everywhere at once, possible visibility issues when water clarity is not ideal, financial cost of hiring aircraft and/or personnel to conduct surveillance, water-users may ignore warnings. 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